Hòa Hảo

{{short description|Lay Buddhist organization, founded in 1939 by Huỳnh Phú Sổ}}

{{short description|Lay Buddhist organization, founded in 1939 by Huỳnh Phú Sổ}}

[[File:Phật giáo Hòa Hảo.png|thumb|right|Emblem of Hòa Hảo]]

[[File:Phật giáo Hòa Hảo.png|thumb|right|Emblem of Hòa Hảo]]

”’Phat Giao Hoa Hao”'{{Efn|In [[Vietnamese language|Vietnamese]], the full name of the religion is ”{{lang|vi|Phật Giáo Hòa Hảo}}”{{Sfn|Fall|1955|p=243}} ({{IPA-vi|ɗâːwˀ hwàː hâːw|lang|Hoa Hao.ogg}}, [[Chữ Hán]]: {{vi-nom|道和好}}). Despite this, it is simply known as ”’Hoa Hao”’,{{Sfn|”Britannica” Hoa Hao}}, which is also spelled as ”’Hoa-Hao”’.{{Sfn|Fall|1955|p=235}} Other labels include ”’Hoa Hao Buddhism”'{{Sfn|”Research Directorate”|2021}} and ”’Hoahaoism”’,{{Sfn|Dang|Vo|Le|2015|p=90}}, the latter also rendered as ”’Hoa Haoism”’.{{Sfn|Marquis|2000|p=87}}}} is a reformist{{Sfn|Marquis|2000|p=88}} and quasi-[[Millenarianism|millenarian]]{{Sfn|Hunt|1982|p=134}} [[Buddhism|Buddhist]] religion{{Sfn|”Britannica” Hoa Hao}}{{Sfn|Haseman|1976|p=373}} or sect,{{Sfn|”Britannica” Huynh Phu So}} founded by [[Huỳnh Phú Sổ]] in 1939. It is one of the major religions of [[Vietnam]] with at least over a million and as high as eight million adherents, mostly concentrated in the [[Mekong Delta]].

”’Phat Giao Hoa Hao”'{{Efn|In [[Vietnamese language|Vietnamese]], the full name of the religion is ”{{lang|vi|Phật Giáo Hòa Hảo}}”{{Sfn|Fall|1955|p=243}} ({{IPA-vi|ɗâːwˀ hwàː hâːw|lang|Hoa Hao.ogg}}, [[Chữ Hán]]: {{vi-nom|道和好}}). Despite this, it is simply known as ”’Hoa Hao”’,{{Sfn|”Britannica” Hoa Hao}}, which is also spelled as ”’Hoa-Hao”’.{{Sfn|Fall|1955|p=235}} Other labels include ”’Hoa Hao Buddhism”'{{Sfn|”Research Directorate”|2021}}{{Sfn|Werner|2006|p=4}} and ”’Hoahaoism”’,{{Sfn|Dang|Vo|Le|2015|p=90}}, the latter also rendered as ”’Hoa Haoism”’.{{Sfn|Marquis|2000|p=87}}}} is a reformist{{Sfn|Marquis|2000|p=88}} and quasi-[[Millenarianism|millenarian]]{{Sfn|Hunt|1982|p=134}} [[Buddhism|Buddhist]] religion{{Sfn|”Britannica” Hoa Hao}}{{Sfn|Haseman|1976|p=373}} or sect,{{Sfn|”Britannica” Huynh Phu So}} founded by [[Huỳnh Phú Sổ]] in 1939. It is one of the major religions of [[Vietnam]] with at least over a million and as high as eight million adherents, mostly concentrated in the [[Mekong Delta]].

Hòa Hảo was, along with another religious movement known as [[Caodaism|Cao Đài]], one of the first to engage in military conflict with colonial powers, first the [[French Indochina|French]] and then the [[Japanese invasion of French Indochina|Japanese]]. The sect flourished significantly under the Japanese occupation of [[World War II]], with its adherents largely being peasants, tenants, and agricultural workers. It also transformed into a [[militant]] and [[Vietnamese nationalism|nationalist]] religion, setting up its own virtually autonomous government in the region. The Hòa Hảo remained an autonomous force in Vietnamese politics after the war, opposing both French colonialists and [[Ho Chi Minh]]’s [[Viet Minh|Việt Minh]] movement.{{Sfn|”Britannica” Hoa Hao}}{{Sfn|”The Concise Oxford Dictionary of World Religions”|2019}}

Hòa Hảo was, along with another religious movement known as [[Caodaism|Cao Đài]], one of the first to engage in military conflict with colonial powers, first the [[French Indochina|French]] and then the [[Japanese invasion of French Indochina|Japanese]]. The sect flourished significantly under the Japanese occupation of [[World War II]], with its adherents largely being peasants, tenants, and agricultural workers. It also transformed into a [[militant]] and [[Vietnamese nationalism|nationalist]] religion, setting up its own virtually autonomous government in the region. The Hòa Hảo remained an autonomous force in Vietnamese politics after the war, opposing both French colonialists and [[Ho Chi Minh]]’s [[Viet Minh|Việt Minh]] movement.{{Sfn|”Britannica” Hoa Hao}}{{Sfn|”The Concise Oxford Dictionary of World Religions”|2019}}