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[[File:Detail of Mural Depicting 1919 Amritsar Massacre – Jallianwala Bagh – Amritsar – Punjab – India (12675536215).jpg|thumb|right|Mural depicting 1919 Amritsar massacre]]
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[[File:Detail of Mural Depicting 1919 Amritsar Massacre – Jallianwala Bagh – Amritsar – Punjab – India (12675536215).jpg|thumb|right|Mural depicting 1919 Amritsar massacre]]
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The ”’Jallianwala Bagh massacre”’, also known as the ”’Amritsar massacre”’, took place on 13 April 1919. A large
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The ”’Jallianwala Bagh massacre”’, also known as the ”’Amritsar massacre”’, took place on 13 April 1919. A large peaceful crowd had gathered at the [[Jallianwala Bagh]] in [[Amritsar]], [[Punjab, British India|Punjab]] to [[protest]] against the [[arrest]] of pro-Indian independence leaders [[Saifuddin Kitchlew|Dr. Saifuddin Kitchlew]] and [[Satyapal|Dr. Satya Pal.]] In response to the public gathering, the British [[Brigadier (United Kingdom)|Brigadier-General]] [[Reginald Dyer|R. E. H. Dyer]] surrounded the Bagh with his soldiers. The Jallianwala Bagh could only be exited on one side, as its other three sides were enclosed by buildings. After blocking the exit with his troops, he ordered them to shoot at the crowd, continuing to fire even as the [[protest]]ors tried to flee. The troops kept on firing until their [[ammunition]] was exhausted.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Jallianwala-Bagh-Massacre|url=https://www.britannica.com/event/Jallianwala-Bagh-Massacre|website=Britannica}}</ref> Estimates of those killed vary between 379 and 1500+ people <ref name=”Colletp263″>{{cite book|author=Nigel Collett|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XuQC5pgzCw4C&pg=PA263|title=The Butcher of Amritsar: General Reginald Dyer|date=15 October 2006|publisher=A&C Black|isbn=978-1-85285-575-8|page=263}}</ref> and over 1,200 other people were injured of whom 192 were seriously injured.<ref name=”Hunter” /><ref>{{Cite book|last=Dolly|first=Sequeria|title=Total History & Civics 10 ICSE|publisher=Morning Star|year=2021|location=New Delhi|pages=71}}</ref>
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Responses polarized both the British and Indian peoples. Eminent author [[Rudyard Kipling]] declared at the time that Dyer “did his duty as he saw it”.<ref>Nigel Collett, The Butcher of Amritsar, p. 430.</ref> This incident shocked [[Rabindranath Tagore]], an Indian [[polymath]] and the first Asian [[Nobel laureate]], to such an extent that he renounced his knighthood and stated that “such mass murderers aren’t worthy of giving any title to anyone”.{{Citation needed|date=November 2021}}
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Responses polarized both the British and Indian peoples. Eminent author [[Rudyard Kipling]] declared at the time that Dyer “did his duty as he saw it”.<ref>Nigel Collett, The Butcher of Amritsar, p. 430.</ref> This incident shocked [[Rabindranath Tagore]], an Indian [[polymath]] and the first Asian [[Nobel laureate]], to such an extent that he renounced his knighthood and stated that “such mass murderers aren’t worthy of giving any title to anyone”.{{Citation needed|date=November 2021}}
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