Odysseas Androutsos

==Downfall==

==Downfall==

In early 1825, as the Greek Government still wanted to take the command of him and replace him, Androutsos, in anger,<ref>Deligiannis, Periklis (2009). “Οδυσσέας Ανδρούτσος : Η μάχη της Γραβιάς (8 Μαϊου 1821)” [Odysseas Androutsos : The battle of Gravia (8 May 1821)]. Στρατιωτική Ιστορία (“Military History”) (in Greek). Περισκόπιο (“Periskopio”) (151): 17.</ref> began a correspondence with Omer Pasha of Karystos, offering to hand over the Acropolis if aided by Ottoman troops and placed in control of the districts of Livadia, Thebes, and Atalanti. Though the terms of their agreement are not preserved in Ottoman archives, Androutsos was sent a firman granting him amnesty on March 31. In the next days, the locals from Livadeia, Thebes and Atalanti asked for amnesty from the court.<ref name=”Ilıcak”/> He joined forces with the Ottoman army to defend the villages around Livadia. After promised reinforcements failed to arrive, he wanted to retreat towards Megara but was captured by Greek insurgents.<ref>H. Sukru Ilicak, “Revolutionary Athens Through Ottoman Eyes”, in Georgopoulou, M. and Thanasakis, K. [eds.], Ottoman Athens: Archaeology, Topography, History, (Athens 2019), pp.249–252.</ref> The provisional government placed him under arrest in the [[Frankish Tower (Acropolis of Athens)|Frankish Tower]] of the [[Acropolis of Athens]], accusing him again for collaboration with the Ottomans. All contemporary sources agree that when he was imprisoned, he was tortured and then executed.<ref name=”Ilıcak”>{{harvnb|Ilıcak|2021|pp=1649-1650}}</ref>

In early 1825, as the Greek Government still wanted to take the command of him and replace him, Androutsos, in anger,<ref>Deligiannis, Periklis (2009). “Οδυσσέας Ανδρούτσος : Η μάχη της Γραβιάς (8 Μαϊου 1821)” [Odysseas Androutsos : The battle of Gravia (8 May 1821)]. Στρατιωτική Ιστορία (“Military History”) (in Greek). Περισκόπιο (“Periskopio”) (151): 17.</ref> began a correspondence with Omer Pasha of Karystos, offering to hand over the Acropolis if aided by Ottoman troops and placed in control of the districts of Livadia, Thebes, and Atalanti. Though the terms of their agreement are not preserved in Ottoman archives, Androutsos was sent a firman granting him amnesty on March 31. In the next days, the locals from Livadeia, Thebes and Atalanti asked for amnesty from the court.<ref name=”Ilıcak”/> He joined forces with the Ottoman army to defend the villages around Livadia. After promised reinforcements failed to arrive, he wanted to retreat towards Megara but was captured by Greek insurgents.<ref>H. Sukru Ilicak, “Revolutionary Athens Through Ottoman Eyes”, in Georgopoulou, M. and Thanasakis, K. [eds.], Ottoman Athens: Archaeology, Topography, History, (Athens 2019), pp.249–252.</ref> The provisional government placed him under arrest in the [[Frankish Tower (Acropolis of Athens)|Frankish Tower]] of the [[Acropolis of Athens]], accusing him again for collaboration with the Ottomans. His rivals didn’t give him a fair trial, believing that Androutsos, due to his democratic character, could turn the people against the Government.<ref>Deligiannis, Periklis (2009). “Οδυσσέας Ανδρούτσος : Η μάχη της Γραβιάς (8 Μαϊου 1821)” [Odysseas Androutsos : The battle of Gravia (8 May 1821)]. Στρατιωτική Ιστορία (“Military History”) (in Greek). Περισκόπιο (“Periskopio”) (151): 23.</ref> All contemporary sources agree that when he was imprisoned, he was tortured and then executed.<ref name=”Ilıcak”>{{harvnb|Ilıcak|2021|pp=1649-1650}}</ref>

The new commander, [[Yannis Gouras]], who once was Androutsos’ second in command, ordered his execution on 5 June 1825. In some narratives, his treatment by Gouras is treated negatively.<ref>Deligiannis, Periklis (2009). “Οδυσσέας Ανδρούτσος : Η μάχη της Γραβιάς (8 Μαϊου 1821)” [Odysseas Androutsos : The battle of Gravia (8 May 1821)]. Στρατιωτική Ιστορία (“Military History”) (in Greek). Περισκόπιο (“Periskopio”) (151): 23.</ref> Androutsos’ sister Tersitsa married [[Edward John Trelawny]], who commanded Androutsos’ forces in his absence.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Trelawny|first=Edward John|url=https://books.google.gr/books?id=4ZUeJkiOzCkC&pg=PT10&source=gbs_toc_r&cad=4#v=snippet&q=Odysseus%20Androutsos&f=false|title=Records of Shelley, Byron and the Author|date=2013-08-01|publisher=Penguin UK|isbn=978-0-14-139279-0|language=en|quote=An incorrigible romancer Trelawny had three marriages — the second of which was to Tersitza, sister of the Greek warlord Odysseus Androutsos, whose cause he had joined and whose mountain fortress he looked after when Odysseus was arrested.}}</ref>

The new commander, [[Yannis Gouras]], who once was Androutsos’ second in command, ordered his execution on 5 June 1825. In some narratives, his treatment by Gouras is treated negatively.<ref>Deligiannis, Periklis (2009). “Οδυσσέας Ανδρούτσος : Η μάχη της Γραβιάς (8 Μαϊου 1821)” [Odysseas Androutsos : The battle of Gravia (8 May 1821)]. Στρατιωτική Ιστορία (“Military History”) (in Greek). Περισκόπιο (“Periskopio”) (151): 23.</ref> Androutsos’ sister Tersitsa married [[Edward John Trelawny]], who commanded Androutsos’ forces in his absence.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Trelawny|first=Edward John|url=https://books.google.gr/books?id=4ZUeJkiOzCkC&pg=PT10&source=gbs_toc_r&cad=4#v=snippet&q=Odysseus%20Androutsos&f=false|title=Records of Shelley, Byron and the Author|date=2013-08-01|publisher=Penguin UK|isbn=978-0-14-139279-0|language=en|quote=An incorrigible romancer Trelawny had three marriages — the second of which was to Tersitza, sister of the Greek warlord Odysseus Androutsos, whose cause he had joined and whose mountain fortress he looked after when Odysseus was arrested.}}</ref>